The Mizo Nation [Chin-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi]

It is my greatest desire to make the Mizo Nation [Chin-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi] and their deeds known to the world. Thanks to information technology I've collected information from many sources and have posted it here.

Today there are lots of Mizo people living all over the world acchieveing great heights and occupying important places in the government, private and public sectors

                                                              MIZO/ZOMI:

The Mizo Nation [Chin-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi] (Mizo: Mizo hnam) are an ethnic group of people, native to north-eastern India, western Myanmar (Burma) and eastern Bangladesh; who speak Mizo language. Mizo is the name of a tribe in India, and are recognised as Scheduled Tribe under the 6th Scheduled of the Constitution of India.

The Lushai people were the first clan to have an external exposure and hence the people are initially known as the Lushai people. The demand for a distinct political territory for the people of Lushai Hills resulted in the creation of a separate Union Territory and afterwards the State of Mizoram. In this struggle, one of the powerful factors was the movement to call themselves Mizo, rather than by distinct clan names such as the Lushai, the Ralte, the Hmar, the Khiangte, the Paite, the Mara people, and the Pawi. Their languages (of which the largest is Duhlian/Lusei dialect) belong to the Tibeto-Burman, and are closely related to those of the Chin in the adjacent Chin State of Myanmar, as well as those of the Nagas, Kukis and others.

Though the term Mizo is often used to name a nation, it should be noted that it is an umbrella term to denote the various tribes/clans who share lots of similarities.

Meanwhile, it is important to know that the term Mizo was coined only recently (middle of 19th century) and it does not have a language as such which can be particularised as Mizo.

A number of languages/dialects are still spoken under the umbrella of MIZO; they are Lusei (a dialect of the Lusei clan, which is an official language of Mizoram and a lingua franca of Kuki-Chin), Hmar, Paite, Thadou-Kuki, a sub-clan of Hmar clan like the Ţhieks who still speak their own dialect, Mara to name a few.

According to the 1991 Census, the total populations of Mizo/Zo in different states of North Eastern India were:
State Number of Zo people in state
Arunachal Pradesh 0
Assam 1,031
Manipur 8,240
Meghalaya 3,007
Mizoram 5,00,146
Nagaland 0
Tripura 4,910
TOTAL 5,17,334 

The total population of Zo language 6,74,756 speakers in India (2001 census) There were 9, 07,585 Chins, 19,724 Lusei with the total of 9, 27,309 Zo people in Myanmar on 1
 January 2002 (www.chhaktiangzirlaite.info). According to census taken by the Bawm Social Council in 1998 is over 20,000 (twenty thousand). That means there were at least 16, 22,065 (sixteen lakhs) of Zo people in Myanmar, Bangladesh and India. 

In the systematic classification they published, it shows Mizo is the name of the nation/tribe which may have an ancient origin somewhere in Central Asia, and comprising 11 clans

The Eleven Mizo Clans

1. Aso

2. Chho

3. Halam: 1. Bawng2. Bawngcher3. Dap4. Hmarchaphang5. Hrangkhawl6. Kaihpeng7. Kawlawi8.Kawrbawng9. Langkaih10. Langrawng11. Mualţhuam (or Mawlsawm)12. Rupini13. Saihmar14. Sakechep15. Thangachep

4. Hmar:
1. AIMUOL
2. BIETE (BIAHTE): Betlu, Chongol/ Chungngol, Darnei, Fatlei, Hmunhring, Khurbi (Lienate), Nampui, Ngaite, Ngamlai, Puilo, Sawnlien, Tamlo, Tamte, Thienglai, Tlungngurh
3. CHANGSAN: Armei, Chailong/ Chaileng, Hranhnieng, Hrawte, Kellu, Ngawithuom, Ngulthuom, Thangngen, Zilchung, Zilhmang
4. CHAWROI: Langkai, Nisatarai, Saithuoi, Tuipai
5. CHAWTHE: Chamte, Chawndang, Chawnfieng, Chawnthik, Halte, Hawnsang/ Hawnzawng, Lienhna, Suonhoi, Tamva, Thaman
6. CHAWTHEI (HMARLUSEI): Chonzik, Hnechawng, Lamthik, Luophul, Neichir
7. CHIRU
8. DARLONG: Biete (Fatlei, Faihriem, Khawhren, Saihmar, Saihriem), Hrangchal (Khuolte, Rante, Tlawmte), Ngurte (Rante, Songate, Fatlei), Thiek (Chongkal, Hmante, Hnamte, Kangbur, Vankal), Zote (Chawrawl, Chonnel, Saite, Sie)
9. DARNGAWN: Banzang (Chawnghmunte, Famhoite, Fatlei, Khamchangte, Lamchangte, Sanate, Sinate), Faiheng, Pakhuong (Buongpui, Hranngul, Khelte, Khuongpui), Ruolngul, Shakum (Hauhmawng, Hauhnieng, Kilong), Shonte, Tlau
10. FAIHRIEM: Bapui, Dulien/Khawhrang/ Khawhreng, Khawkhieng, Khawlum, Khawral, Saihmar, Saivate, Seiling, Sekong, Thlanghnung, Tuimuol, Tuollai, Tusing
11. HRANGATE: Hrangate, Hrangdo, Hrangman, Hrangsute
12. HRANGKHAWL: Chawlkha, Dumkher, Penate/ Penatu, Phuoitawng
13. KHAWBUNG: Bunglung, Fente, Laising, Muolphei, Pangamte, Pazamte, Phunte (Siersak,Siertlang), Riengsete, Tente
14. KHELTE: Hmaimawk, Lutmang, Singhlu, Sierchuong, Thatsing, Vankeu, Vohang, Vohlu, Zahlei, Zaucha
15. KHIENGTE (KHIANGTE): Chawngte, Khello, Khupsung, Khupthang, Kumsang, Muolvum, Singbel.
16. KHUOLHRING (KHAWLHRING): Chunthang, Khintung, Leidir, Lozum, Lungen/ Lungsen, Midang, Milai, Peiltel, Rawlsim, Suokling, Thlaute
17. SAKIEM: Hauhnieng, Hauhmawng, kilong
18. LAMKANG
19. LANGRAWNG: Bawng, Kaipeng, Muolthuom, Pang
20. LAWITLANG: Chawnsim, Hrangchal (Darasung, Laiasung,Sielasung, Tungte), Parate, Sungte, Suomte, Tlangte, Tlawmte, Varte
21. LEIRI: Neingaite, Pudaite, Puhnuongte, Pulamte, Puruolte, Tlandar
22. LUNGTAU: Infimate, Intoate, Keivom, Lungchuong (Inbuon), Mihriemate, Nungate, Pakhumate (Khumthur, Khumsen), Pasuolate, Sielhnam, Songate, Sunate, Theisiekate, Thlawngate, Tamhrang
23. NEITHAM: (Also Under Zote) Chawnhning/ Chawnhring, Khawthang, Maubuk, Singphun, Thangleh, Thangngawk, Vaithang
24. NGENTE: Bawlte, Chawnghawi, Dosak, Dothang/ Dothlang, Kawngte, Laihring, Lailo, Laitui, Tuolngul/ Tuolngun, Zawngte, Zawhte
25. NGURTE: Bangran/ Bangrang, Chiluon, Parate, Saingur, Sanate (Pusingathla, Saidangathla), Traite, Zawllien
26. PAUTU: Fuongzal, Senlawn, Singate, Tluongate
27. RAWITE ( ROYTE ): Aite, Arro, Buite, Hnungte, Pieltu, Sawrte, Seldo/ Sehdue
28. SAKECHEP (SAKECHEK): Bawmlien, Keiphun, Keiphung, Khawlum, Neibawm, Sungtinpha, Telengsing, Thingphun, Thirau/ Thirsu, Vaichei/ Vaichai, Zeite
29. THIEK (THIAK): Amaw (Chalhril, Hmunhring), Athu, Buhril, Chawnnel, Hekte (Chawnghekte, Ralsun), Hmante, Hnamte, Kellaite, Khawzawl (Lalun, Laldau, Saibung), Kungate, Khangbur, Pakhuomate (Khumsen, Khumthur), Sellate, Tamte, Thilhran, Thilsawng, Thluchung, Tuolte, Tuolawr, Tamlo, Taite, Vankal (Khawbuol, Pangote, Pangulte), Zate
30. VANGSIE (VANGCHHIA): Dosil, Ivang,Theidu/ Theiduha, Tlukte, Vanghawi, Zapte
31.ZAWNGTE (ZONGTE/JONGTE)
32. ZOTE: Buonsuong, Chawnghau, Chawngvawrtu/ Chawngvar, Chuonkhup, Chawngtuol, Darkhawlai/ Darkhawlal, Dawthang, Hrangate/ Hrangzote, Hrangdo, Hrangman, Hrangsite/ Hrangsete, Hrangsote, Hriler, Maubuok, Neitham (Chawnhnieng, Singphun), Ngaite, Parate, Pasuolate, Pusiete/ Pusieate, Saiate (Saihmang), Tlangte/ Tlangate, Thangnawk, Vaithang.


[Note: Hmar hnahthlak zingah Hnamte, Hrangkhawl leh biate hi thlangtla hmasa ber an ni a, Mizoram pâwn hmun thenkhatah phei chuan hnam hran anga insawi ta te pawh an awm. Hnamte ho hian Luseiho nawlpuia an thlangthlâk khan an zui a, luseiah an in assimilate nual. Tam zawk chu Tripura-ah thlangtlain Darlawng hnamah te an insawi; Tripura-ah vêk chuan Kuki-Thado ah ziah luh an ni bawk. Khawlhring , Vangchhia leh Saivate ho hi hmar hnahthlak zinga pawi ho tukluh an ni. (Ṭhenkhat chuan hnamchawm ang tein an sawi ṭhin, mahse finfiahna a awm lem lo).  Chuvangchuan Pawia chhui lut an awm bawk. Mahse Pawi an ni lotih finfiahna tha ber chu chhîpah hrûm an zial ngai lo a, engtik lai pawhin Hmar ho nen dawisa an kil ho thei.]


5. Lai (Pawih):
 1.CHINZAH:Zanak-Aicheu, Zongo - i.)Thangvawng, ii.)manglur, Hlankhup.
2.HLAWMCHEU:Chelnguachung, Nithanghlawnchhing.
3.HALKHA:Semthang, Lotu, Zophei, Zotung, Maram, Miei, Tlawr, Khenglawt - i.)Chiapachuang, ii.)Vanpachhung, Tuallawt, Lautu Chinza, Zahnak, Hlawnchhing, Zathang, Thlatinkuala thlahte, Mi E, Thawr, Mualchin, Mualhlun, Mangpachhung, Mangchinchhung.
4.ZANGIAT:Sipang, Lochom, Sunthang, Lungbang, Tapang.
5.TLAISUN:
6.SIM:Bawithang, Hlawnmual, Sailung, Sunthang.
7.LAIZO:Chawnghlut, Hringngen, Hlawncheu, Suntai, Zahup.
8.MATU-SAI :Matu, Dai, (Zindu), Lautu, Zotung, Mun, Makan, Zawngtu, Khumi, Panam, Asho, Mosho, Vaukim, Anu, Khunusu, Tleiku, Tlengkhaw, Bawm, Bawmzo.
9.KHUALSIM-LENTE:Khualsim, Lente, Nganzawl, Sumhrang, Thungthul.
10.NGAWN:Ngaihte, Sihsing, Teilon, Zasuang, Zawngngil, Munzo, Hauhup, Hlupbiang, Haizing, Hopte, Khiangte (Ngawn khiangte).
11.ZAHAU FALAM LEH LAIZO CHI:Bansawt, Hauhulh, Hauchhum, Chawnghlut.
12.THATINKUALA THLAHTE:Hniarthul, Hniarchang,Airawn-Chinlum, Airawn,Chhawnchhek.
Khanzahnawka - Hlawndo (Hlawndawhthanga), Hlawndo & Hlawnmual, Chenhrang, Fanai (Hrangtling, Nihliap, Pakhup, Zarep, Torel, Thaai, Kintin, Chhuanchhiar, Thasi, Suakding, Zakham), Bawitlung.

13.PAWI HNAM DANGTE (Mizoram chhunga awm an tam bik.)
Tlau, Bawihkherh, Aineh, Aichum, Aimual, Bawkkheng, Bualte,Chhunthang, Chiato,hhuntei, Chengan, Bunghai, Chawnghmun, Chawngthak, Haizaw, Hranglung, Sailung, Hlichhel, Fambawl, Famsun, Farhlawng, Erhlawt, Darro, Darkualchhung, Darkhuahchhung, Chhehhlawn, Bawlte, Rumker, Mangpawng, Ngaling, Nguntualchhung, Hlawnthlun, Nithang, Huha, Hlawnsang, Hniarhlang, Hawheng, Hmunhrang, Inhmai, Hnialum, Hnamler, Hrensa, Khalthang, Khiteng, Kingbawl, Kenmawi, Kualchhawn, Kawmpachhung, Khupngai, Khuplian, Khupchhing, Khuptin, Kairaw, Khuhlu, Khawthing, Khupchhawn, Lailung, Leihang, Lalvawng, Lawttlai, Lianhlawng, Leivak, Langva,Lungum, Lahrim, Mensihai, Namhrang, Nichhing, Nutlai, Nuhrim, Phutin, Phuting, Pemthang, Ramlawt, Rualheng, Rahtin, Ringlawt, Siakhe, Sohlung, Sathing, Sarthawng, Sumhmun, Sawmhmal, Sakhawng, Sulhlan, Tlangchhan, Tlanlian, Thlauhthang, Tlumang, Thihlum, Tualzik, Thanget, Thlacheu, Tinche, Tluangheh, Tlahlun, Vantawl, Vanhawi, Vankawng, Vanngiang, Tiauchhum, Tiauhlei, Vuangtu, Vanphawng, Vaingam, Zawkheng, Zinhlawng, Khuangli.

6. Lusei:
LAL CHI:Sailo, Palian, Rivung, Zadeng, Chenkual, Rokhum, Thangluah,Chawnglul
1.PACHUAU:Lianthung, Chhawnthliak, Liannghawr, Chuaulak, Lalbawma, thlah Darcho, Cher lal Varchuau

2.CHAWNGTE:Tuichhung, Pamte, Lungte, Muchhip chhuak.
 i.CHUAUNGO:Vanpuia, Chumthluk, Darkim, Zawngpam, Hmunpel, Thlehnghel, Laller, Auhmun.
ii.CHUAUHANG:Lathang, Chungpui, Chawn chhawn, Chawn chirh, Khuanglawi, Vai chuau.

3.CHHANGTE :Darchhun, Nghakchi, Pamte, Lungte, Vawknghak, Chawnglun, Kawl chi, Lumthang Tumpha.

4.RENTHLEI: Chhanghek, Chhingthlang, Zachhing/Sasing, Sohnel/Sawnnel, Thangthlawl/Thangthlawi,  Thuandur, Tilkul, Lianhlun/Lianhlum,

5.CHHAKCHHUAK:i.HUALNGO- Chal thleng, Bochung, Khupnon, Cherpu.
ii.HUALHANG - Chalbuk, Baichi, Chumkhal, Taihlung, Chertluang, Khupno, Fangte.
iii.LUMKHUA - Sialchhung, Ngalsi, Ngal chhung, Phung chi.

6.HAUHNAR:Hauthul, Haubul, Tuithang, Senlai.

7.HRAHSEL:Selpui, Sawntlung, Sumkhum, Saza.

8.TOCHHONG:Topui, Chhakawm, Tobul, Chemhler, Muchhipchhhuak.

9.VANCHHAWNG:Vanlung, Sumkhum, Chemhler, Chengrel, Kaithum.


7. Mara (Lakher): Hnampui lian deuh 4 ah ṭhen a ni : Tlosai, Chapui, Zawngling, Hawthai leh Vawngtu.
Hemi bakah:

1. Chapi
2. Dova
3. Ngiaphia
4. Hawthai
5. Heima
6. Iabao
7. Khapi
8. Leita
9. Lialai
10. Lochei
11. Motu
12. Ratu
13. Razao
14. Saby
15. Tha-y
16. Tlosai
17. Vyty
18. Zyhno

8. Miu-Khumi

9. Paite (Zomi): Guite (Vuite), Hangzo, Hauzel, Hangsing, Khuptong (Khupchawng), Langel, Naulak, Ngaihte, Samte, Thomte, Tunglut (Chawnghlut), Tombing, Tonsing, Valt, Khuphil, Songput, Doushel, Tomging, Tangpua, Haulai, Mangzo, Sianthuam, Vangteh, Phualzang, Munsong, Kullai, Sektak Phaipi.


10. Ralte:
(i)SIAKENG:- Engkai, Engkhung, Siakhang, Hilthang(Thangsiam, Damphut & Tukhum), Haizang (Chawnthang & Chawnchhin) , Khumchiang (Chawngtual, Hmundin & Chhanzo), Hillu, Khelhau, Darkim, Manglut,Hnawtsut, Hnawtkhel,Khumtung,Lehvung, Thangbur, Tipawm/Kipawm, Chhakawm, Hauhniang,Chhuanhu,Zongai, Ailet,Hualkhung, Zaucha(Sawithang, Hauthual,Luahphung,Thawmlo, Hualthang, Kulsep, Seldam, Kaihlek),etc.

(ii)KHELTE:- Lutmang(Chiangkhai,Tualthang & Zahlei) ,Vankeu(Keuluk, Hauvawng, Chiangthir & Lawnghau), Thatchhing, Chhinghlu, Chhiarchuang, Hmaimawk, Hausel, Vangtual, Vohang, Vohlu, Zahlei and Zaucha.

(iii)KAWLNI(Colney):- Chalbawk(Kawlvawm, Chalchiang, Chalsawp, Chaltum, Chuangeng, Lawisut, Helhlah,Thasum, Thangkawp, Saphaw, Khonghawr, Hlamvel,Holut,Baleng, Bairek, Kawltung, Chalchung, Bungsut,Uikhawl,Arte, etc) and Doubul {Renghang ( Rengsi & Rengngo)& Bungsut},

(iv)LELHCHHUN:- Chhunthang, Chhiarkim, Vawngsual,Tunglei,Leihang,Hangdem,Chuang
lawk,Thangbung,Hauphut,Selpeng,Hratchhum, Chhunghleh,Haudim,etc

11. Thahdo (Kuki) Aimol, Anal, Baite, Changsan, Chiru, Chongloi, Chothe,
Darlawng, Doungel, Guite, Haokip, Haolai, Hangsing, Kipgen, Koireng, Khelma / Sakachep, Kolhen, Lamkang, Lenthang, Lhanghal, Lhouvum, Lhungdim, Lunkim, Lupho, Lupheng, Thangeo, Lhangum, Maring, Mate, Misao, Monsang, Moyon, Purum, Singsit,
Sitlhou, Singson, Tarao , Touthang, etc.

Other sub-clans : 
Vaiphei, 

Gangte

Kom:Karong, Saiche, Leivon, Tellein, Hmangte, Serto etc.

Chawngthu: Paite/Thado ho thlahtu nia chhui a ni bawk Luseia chhui luh a nih laiin

BURMA:

In Burma, a Committee was formed in 1953 to remove the existing confusion over names for a common racial nomenclature. After thorough research, the Committee realised that they were indeed descendants of Zo, and realised they had always called themselves - Zo, Yo, Yaw, Shou, Jo and the like from time immemorial. Thus, they unanimously recommended the term ‘Zomi’ for their racial nomenclature .This was subsequently adopted in a general meeting at Saikah village at Thantlang, Chin State (see documents). In 1983, after a gap of thirty years, the name Zomi was reviewed in a Convention held at Thantlang, where out of 434 delegates from different areas of the region, 424 voted in favour of the earlier 1953 recommendation . Today the term Zomi is widely used by various organisations like Zomi Baptist Conventions, Zomi Christian Literature Society, Zomi Baptist Press, Zomi Theological College, Rangoon University Zomi Students’ Association, Zomi Literature Upliftment Society, etc.

In 1988 the Burmese Government officially recognised the name Zomi as an ethnic group of the country, and formally accepted Zomi National Congress as a political party in Burma.

MIZORAM:

On the Indian administered areas, the Zo people rejected the name Lushai and changed it to Mizo (People + Zo) in the 1940s on realising the fact that their progenitor was Zo. All sections of Zomi were actively involved in Mizo Union movement at its initial stage. However, some sections gradually disassociated from the movement on the ground of linguistic imposition, and their suspicion was vindicated by the Peace Accord signed in 1988 which covered only Lushai speaking areas. Today Mizoram stands as one Zomi state within Zoland, the Zomi inhabited areas of the region.

MANIPUR:

In Manipur, the question of Zomi nomenclature was not an issue until the recent Kuki-Zomi conflict of 1997. In 1971, a political organisation called Zomi National Congress (ZNC) was formed at Daizang, Manipur. It was at the initiative of the party that the First World Zomi Convention was held at Champhai, Mizoram from May 19 -21, 1988. Thousands of delegates from around the world attended the Convention and declared that ‘the people of Zo ethnic group are descendants of one ancestor, Zo’. In early 1980s an awakening for common identity was aroused among Zomi intellectuals of Manipur. A wide ranging consultation was organised by Kuki-Chin Baptists Leaders during1981-83 .They published a book called, “In search of Identity” in which all the writers stressed on the homogeneous characteristics of the so-called Kuki-Chin-Lushai people, and recommended Zomi nomenclature.

The Zomi Tribes, who are recognized by the Indian government under the Scheduled Tribes in India, would like to have a common nomenclature by which they should be known. Zomi being their original name, seven tribes from Manipur State – Gangte, Hmar, Paite, Simte, Tedim-Chin, Vaiphei, Zou adopted the name Zomi on June 26, 1993 at Pearsonmun, Churachandpur. 

Source:

1. Mizo Chanchin-Dr.Lalthanliana
2. Mizo Chanchin-B.Lalthangliana
3. Mizo History-Rev.Liangkhaia
4. INPUI web
5. Wiki Encyclopedia